{"id":4855,"date":"2020-11-28T21:42:57","date_gmt":"2020-11-29T05:42:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stagewp.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/?page_id=4855"},"modified":"2024-03-08T09:53:22","modified_gmt":"2024-03-08T17:53:22","slug":"venketaraman-lab","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/venketaraman-lab\/","title":{"rendered":"Venketaraman Lab"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"hero-secondary\">\n  <div class=\"relative bg-black\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"adhere object-cover\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/vent3.jpg\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"100vw\" alt=\"vent3 image\">\n      <div class=\"adhere gradient-overlay\"><\/div>\n        <div class=\"relative container pt-56 md:pt-112 pb-144 md:pb-192\">\n      <div class=\"md:flex md:justify-between px-12\">\n        <div class=\"sm:w-8\/12 md:w-6\/12 xl:w-5\/12 px-12\">\n                      <div class=\"mb-20\">\n              <div class=\"block font-sans font-bold text-14 text-white leading-130\">\n  <span class=\"inline-block\">\n    <a href=\"\/\" class=\"block hover:underline\">WesternU<\/a>\n  <\/span>\n      <span class=\"inline-block mx-6\">\/<\/span>\n          <a href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\" class=\"inline-block hover:underline\">College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific (COMP) and COMP-Northwest<\/a>\n          <span class=\"inline-block mx-6\">\/<\/span>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/\" class=\"inline-block hover:underline\">Research<\/a>\n    <span class=\"inline-block mx-6\">\/<\/span>\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/\" class=\"inline-block hover:underline\">Research Labs<\/a>\n    <span class=\"inline-block mx-6\">\/<\/span>\n    <span class=\"inline-block\">COMP (CA): Venketaraman Lab<\/span>\n  <\/div>            <\/div>\n                                        <h1 class=\"t-h1-sans  text-white\">COMP (CA): Venketaraman Lab<\/h1>\n        <\/div>\n              <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n<section class=\"relative my-48 md:my-72\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n    <div class=\"lg:flex px-12 lg:justify-start\">\n              <div class=\"w-full lg:w-5\/12 2xl:w-4\/12 -mt-80 md:-mt-112 mb-48 px-12 lg:pr-32\">\n                              <nav class=\"py-28 px-40 2xl:px-64 rounded-5 md:rounded-8 bg-gray-darker text-white mb-40\">\n            <ul>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Research Labs<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/bi-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Bi Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/elsalanty-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Elsalanty Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/fricano-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Fricano Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/nalley-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Nalley Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/peterfy-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Peterfy Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/scott-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Scott Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/sperling-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Sperling Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/steinauer-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Steinauer Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/szurmant-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Szurmant Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/venketaraman-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Venketaraman Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/wagner\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Wagner Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                                              <li class=\"block my-8\">\n                  <a class=\"text-22 font-normal leading-130 tracking-20 text-white hover:text-yellow transition-default\" href=\"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/research\/labs\/wedel-lab\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\">Wedel Lab<\/a>\n                <\/li>\n                          <\/ul>\n          <\/nav>\n                            <\/div>\n      \n      \n                  \n                  \n      <div class=\"w-full px-24 wysiwyg-content lg:w-7\/12 2xl:w-7\/12\">\n        <p>Dr. Venketaraman\u2019s laboratory studies tuberculosis especially in the context of HIV infection and type 2 diabetes. The major research focus of the lab is to characterize the host immune responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by conducting both preclinical studies and clinical trials. The laboratory\u2019s long-term goal is to develop host-directed therapies that can be given as adjunctive treatment for tuberculosis.<\/p>\n\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<section class=\"relative my-48 md:my-72\" vue-app>\n  <div class=\"container\">\n        <app-accordion class=\"px-24 lg:w-4\/5 mx-auto\">\n              <app-accordion-item class=\"accordion-group block leading-1 opt-1\" content-class=\"accordion-group__panel wysiwyg-content\">\n          <template #accordion-trigger=\"{ href, visible, setRef, clickHandler }\">\n            <a :href=\"'#' + href\" \n              :ref=\"setRef\"\n              :class=\"['accordion-group__button scroll-mt-160', {'accordion__trigger_active': visible}]\"\n              @click.stop.prevent=\"clickHandler\"\n            >\n            <span class=\"block py-10\">\n              Research Areas\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"accordion-group-icon relative flex w-56 h-56 ml-20 justify-center items-center bg-black rounded-full flex-shrink-0\">\n                            <span class=\"w-16 icon-chevron-down\">\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.6.0 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d=\"M233.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l192-192c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L256 338.7 86.6 169.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l192 192z\"\/><\/svg>\n              <\/span>\n              <span class=\"w-16 icon-chevron-up\">\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.6.0 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d=\"M233.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0l192 192c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3s-32.8 12.5-45.3 0L256 173.3 86.6 342.6c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0s-12.5-32.8 0-45.3l192-192z\"\/><\/svg>\n              <\/span>\n                          <\/span>\n            <\/a>\n          <\/template>\n          <template #accordion-content>\n            <p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4858 alignleft\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/vent1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"589\" height=\"680\" \/><strong>Preclinical studies:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dr. Venketaraman\u2019s laboratory has successfully developed <em>in vitro<\/em> granulomas using peripheral blood immune cells from healthy subjects and individuals with diabetes. Using these <em>in vitro<\/em> granulomas, Dr. Venketaraman\u2019s lab investigates the host immune responses against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> infection within this uniquely regulated environment (Islamoglu et al; 2018, Teskey et al; 2018, Cao et al; 2019).<\/p>\n<p>With the recent NIH-funding (1R15HL143545-01A1), Dr. Venketaraman\u2019s laboratory will conduct<em> in vivo Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> infection studies in various strains of mice to understand the effects of diabetes in diminishing the immune responses against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> in the respiratory tract.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong style=\"font-style: normal; font-size: 15.1126px; font-family: sans-serif;\">Clinical trials:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dr. Venketaraman\u2019s laboratory had previously conducted two clinical trials in participants with HIV infection and those with AIDS. The study findings indicated that restoring the levels of glutathione resulted in redox balance and regulated cytokine production thereby favoring improved immune responses against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> infection (Ly et al; 2015; Valdivia et al; 2017).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4859\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/vishy2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" \/> Currently his laboratory is conducting a clinical trial in individuals with type 2 diabetes to test the effects of redox homeostasis restoration in augmenting the host immune responses. These studies are being supported by Your Energy Systems, Palo Alto, CA.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Interesting facts about tuberculosis:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-4861\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/vent3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"292\" \/>Tuberculosis caused by <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> is considered as one of the oldest documented infectious disease in the world and a major global health problem. Every year 2 million people die because of tuberculosis. Approximately, 10 million new active cases of active tuberculosis are reported every year worldwide. It is estimated that one third of the world\u2019s population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and this condition is called Latent tuberculosis infection. Individuals with HIV infection and people with type2 diabetes are increasingly susceptible to <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> infection. Individuals with active tuberculosis are treated with combination of four different antibiotics for six to nine months. Complete cure of the disease is dependent on the patient\u2019s compliance to the treatment. Non-compliance will not only affect the cure rates but can also increase the risks for the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> which are difficult to treat.<\/p>\n<p>For complete list of publications, please visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/?term=venketaraman+v\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Library of Medicine PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Funding: NIH (NHLBI) 1R15HL143545-01A1 -2019-2022 Your Energy Systems- 2009-2021<\/p>\n\n          <\/template>\n        <\/app-accordion-item>\n              <app-accordion-item class=\"accordion-group block leading-1 opt-1\" content-class=\"accordion-group__panel wysiwyg-content\">\n          <template #accordion-trigger=\"{ href, visible, setRef, clickHandler }\">\n            <a :href=\"'#' + href\" \n              :ref=\"setRef\"\n              :class=\"['accordion-group__button scroll-mt-160', {'accordion__trigger_active': visible}]\"\n              @click.stop.prevent=\"clickHandler\"\n            >\n            <span class=\"block py-10\">\n              Publications\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"accordion-group-icon relative flex w-56 h-56 ml-20 justify-center items-center bg-black rounded-full flex-shrink-0\">\n                            <span class=\"w-16 icon-chevron-down\">\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.6.0 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d=\"M233.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l192-192c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L256 338.7 86.6 169.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l192 192z\"\/><\/svg>\n              <\/span>\n              <span class=\"w-16 icon-chevron-up\">\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.6.0 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d=\"M233.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0l192 192c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3s-32.8 12.5-45.3 0L256 173.3 86.6 342.6c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0s-12.5-32.8 0-45.3l192-192z\"\/><\/svg>\n              <\/span>\n                          <\/span>\n            <\/a>\n          <\/template>\n          <template #accordion-content>\n            <p><strong>2020:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gyurjian K and<strong> Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Thyroid Hormone Resistant Syndrome. Medical Journal of Southern California Clinicians. 2020. 13 (1):7-11(<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Ashley D, Hernandez J, Cao R, To K, Yegiazaryan A, Abrahem R, Nguyen T, Owens J, Lambros MP, Subbian S,<strong> Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Antimycobacterial Effects of Everolimus in human granuloma model. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020.<strong> Jun 29;9(7): E2043<\/strong> (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>To K, Cao R, Yegiazaryan A, Owens J,<strong> Venketaraman V<\/strong>. General overview of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Opportunistic Pathogens <em>Mycobacterium avium<\/em> and <em>Mycobacterium abscessus<\/em>. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020. <strong>9<\/strong>. 2541 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Hernandez J, Ashley D, Cao R, Abrahem R, Nguyen T, To K, Yegiazaryan A, Akinwale AD, Tiwari RK<strong>, Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Effects of cyclic peptide (R4W4) in improving the ability of first-line antibiotics to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis inside in vitro human granulomas. Frontiers in Immunology. 2020. <strong>11<\/strong>. 1677 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Abrahem R, Chiang E, Haquang J, Nham A, Ting, Y-S,<strong> Venketaraman V<\/strong>. The role of dendritic cells in effective host immune response. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020. <em><strong>9<\/strong><\/em>(8), 2661 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Venketaraman V.<\/strong> Recent Advances in Mycobacterial Research.\u00a0<em> Clin. Med.<\/em><strong>2020<\/strong>,\u00a0<em><strong>9<\/strong><\/em><strong>,<\/strong> 2650 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Singh M, Vaughn C, Sasaninia K, Yeh C, Mehta D, Abukhieran I<strong>, Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Understanding the relationship between glutathione, TGF-b and Vitamin D in combating <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> Journal of Clinical Medicine. <strong>2020. 9,<\/strong> 2757 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Nguyen H, Gazy N,<strong> Venketaraman V<\/strong>. A role of intracellular toll like receptors (3, 7, and 9) in response to <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> and co-infected with HIV. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. <strong> 21.<\/strong>6148 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Arshad A, Dayal S, Gadhe R, Mawley A, Shin K, Tellez D, Phan P,<strong> Venketaraman V. <\/strong>Analysis of Tuberculosis Meningitis Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Clinical Medicine. <strong> 9,<\/strong> 2962 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Guloyan V, Organesian B, Baghdasaryan N, Yeh C, Singh M, Guilford F, Ting Y-S, Venketaraman V. Glutathione Supplementation As An Adjunctive Therapy in COVID-19. 2020. 9, 914 (<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/li>\n<li>Wong, K.; Nguyen, J.; Blair, L.; Banjanin, M.; Grewal, B.; Bowman, S.; Boyd, H.; Gerstner, G.; Cho, H.J.; Panfilov, D.; Tam, C.K.; Aguilar, D.; <strong>Venketaraman, V<\/strong>. Pathogenesis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-<em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em>\u00a0Co-Infection.\u00a0<em>J. Clin. Med<\/em><em>.<\/em>\u00a02020,\u00a0<em>9<\/em>, 3575 (<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2019:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cerni S, Shafer D, To K, <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30823377\">Investigating the role of Everolimus in mTOR Inhibition and Autophagy Promotion as a Potential Host-Directed Therapeutic Target in\u00a0<em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em><\/a> Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019. Feb 11;8(2). pii: E232. (<strong>corresponding author<\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Cao R, Teskey G, Islamoglu H, Gutierrez M, Salaiz O, Munjal S, Fraix MP, Sathananthan A, Nieman DC,\u00a0<strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/30823377\">Flavonoid Mixture Inhibits\u00a0<em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em>Survival and Infectivity.<\/a> 2019. Feb 28;24(5). pii: E851 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Orenstein R, Covasa M, <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Symbiosis: Ecology of the human microbiome. In Seffinger M (eds) Foundations of Osteopathic Medicine. Wolters Kluwer. 2019, chapter 16:362-374.<\/li>\n<li>Cao R, Islamoglu H, Teskey G, Gyurijian K, Abrahem R, Onajole OK, Lun S, Bishai W, Kozikowski AP, Fraix MP, Sathananthan A,\u00a0Zhong L, Stec J, <strong>Venketaraman V. <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10123-019-00086-0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The preclinical candidate indole-2-carboxamide improves immune responses to <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> infection in healthy subjects and individuals with type 2 diabetes<\/a>. International Microbiology. 2019. June 19<sup>th<\/sup>. Springer Nature (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Dara Y, Volcani D, Shah K, Shin K, <strong>Venketaraman V. <\/strong>Potentials of host-directed therapies in tuberculosis management. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019. Aug 3;8(8). pii: E1166. doi: 10.3390\/jcm8081166 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Abrahem R, Cao R, Robinson B, Munjal S, Cho T, To K, Ashley D, Hernandez J, Nguyen T, Teskey G, <strong>Venketaraman V. <\/strong>Elucidating the efficacy of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination in conjunction with first line antibiotics and liposomal glutathione. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019. Sep 27;8(10). pii: E1556. doi: 10.3390\/jcm8101556. (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>2018:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tudela EV, Singh M, and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. 2017. Glutathione, Immunity, and Infection. Chapter 22. In Nutrition, Immunity and Infection. Francis and Taylor Publishers (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Alejandre A, Gonzalez L, Hussain P, Ly J, Muthiah A, Saing T, Valdivia A, and <strong>Venketaraman V.<\/strong> Glutathione supplementation, antioxidant effects and HIV. 2018. Chapter 12. In HIV\/AIDS Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants, Elsevier Publishers (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Dong J, Muthiah A, Hussain P, Yoshida M and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Selenium supplementation, Antioxidant effects, and Immune restorative effects in Human Immunodeficiency Virus. 2018. Chapter 17. In HIV\/AIDS Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants. Elsevier Publishers (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Teskey G, Cao R, Cemi S, Chang L, Fahmy K, Geiger J, Halbert T, Henry D, Hung F, Islamoglu H, <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.ke-i.org\/index.php\/mra\/article\/view\/1613\">Modern Examination of Tuberculosis-Diabetes Comorbidity<\/a>. Medical Research Archives. 2017. <strong>5<\/strong> (12): 2-19. (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Islamoglu H, Cao R, Teskey G, Gyurijian K, Lucar S, Fraix M, Sathananthan A, <strong>Venketaraman V. <\/strong>Effects of Readisorb L-GSH in altering granulomatous responses against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> Journal of Clinical Medicine.2018. 7 (3) 1-24 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Jain, SK, Tobin D, Tucker EW, <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>, Ordonez AA, Jayashankar L, Siddiqi OK, Hammoud DA, Prasadarao NV, Sandor M, Haffner R, Fabry Z. Tuberculous Meningitis: A Roadmap for Advancing Basic and Translational Research. Nature Immunology, 2018. Jun;19(6):521-525.<\/li>\n<li>Teskey G, Abrahem R, Cao R, Gyurijian K, Islamoglu H, Lucero M, Martinez A, Paredes E, Salaiz O, Robinson B, <strong>Venketaraman V.<\/strong> Glutathione as a marker for human disease. Advances in Clinical Chemistry. 2018. Volume 87. 141-159. (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Teskey G, Cato C, Hernandez J, Kaur P, Koury J, Lucero M, Tran A, and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Host-directed therapies for tuberculosis. In Venketaraman V (eds) Understanding the host immune response against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> Springer Nature. 2018, chapter 5:99-110 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Brazil J, and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Cigarette Smoking and increased susceptibility to tuberculosis. In Venketaraman V (eds) Understanding the host immune response against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> Springer Nature. 2018, chapter 6:111-126 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Teskey G, Cao R, Islamoglu H Medina A, Prasad C, Prasad R, Sathananthan A, Fraix M, Subbian S, Zhong L, <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. The Synergistic Effects of the Glutathione Precursor, NAC and First-Line Antibiotics in the Granulomatous Response Against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em>. Frontiers in Immunology. 2018. 9. 2069 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Cao R, Teskey G, Islamoglu H, Abrahem R, Gyurijian K, Zhong L, <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Characterizing the Effects of Glutathione as an Immunoadjuvant in the Treatment of Tuberculosis. Antimicrobial agents and Chemotherapy. 2018. 62 (11) pii: e01132-18 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Robinson B, Munjal S, D\u2019Agostino J, <strong>Venketaraman V. <\/strong>Liposomal glutathione as a potential therapeutic agent to control HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis. European Medical Journal. 2018. 3 [4] 62-69 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2017<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Warren E, Teskey G, and<strong> Venketaraman V. <\/strong>Effector mechanisms of neutrophils within the innate immune system in response to <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2017. 7:6 (2). <strong>PMID:28178208 (<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Valdivia A, Ly J, Gonzalez L, Hussain P, Saing T, Islamoglu H, Pearce D, Ochoa C, and<strong> Venketaraman V.<\/strong> Restoring cytokine balance in HIV positive individuals with low CD4 T cell counts. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 2017. Sep;33(9):905-918. PMID:28398068 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2016:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Venketaraman V. <\/strong>Editorial: Causes for increased susceptibility to <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> \u2013 a close view of the immune system. Front. Immunol. 2015. 6:545<strong> (<u>corresponding author-impact factor<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Saing, T; Lagman, N; Castrillon, J; Gutierrez, E; Guilford, F;<strong> and Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Analysis of Glutathione levels in the Brain tissue samples from HIV-Positive Individuals and subject with Alzheimer&#8217;s disease and its implication in the pathophysiology of the disease process. BBA Clinical. <strong>6<\/strong>:38-44. <strong>PMID: 27335804 (<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Ly, J; Morris, D; Lagman, M; Ng, C; Anderson, S; Daliva, J; Muwanas, N; Tarash, I; Ochoa, C; Sathananthan, A. and<strong> Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Complement Receptor Expression in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes. Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery. 2016. <strong>11<\/strong>(2):174-182. <strong>PMID: 27291248 (<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Saing, T; Valdivia, A; Hussain, P; Ly, J; Gonzalez L; Guilford, F; Pearce, D and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Data on pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1\u03b2, IL-17, and IL-6 in the peripheral blood of HIV-infected individual. Data in Brief. 2016. 8:1044-7. <strong>PMID:27508262 (<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2015<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Minette, L; Ly, J; Saing, T; Singh, M; Tudela, E;\u00a0Morris D,\u00a0Chi, P; Ochoa, C; Sathananthan, A; <strong>Venketaraman, V<\/strong>. Investigating the causes for decreased levels of glutathione in individuals with type II diabetes. PLoS One.<strong> 2015<\/strong>.<strong>10<\/strong>(3): e0118436 <strong>(<u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Ly, J; Minette, L; Saing, T; Singh, M; Tudela, E;\u00a0Morris D,\u00a0Anderson J; Daliva J; Ochoa, C; Patel, N; Pearce D and <strong>Venketaraman, V<\/strong>. Liposomal Glutathione Supplementation Restores Appropriate Cytokine Response to Intracellular <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> Infection in HIV Infected Individuals. Journal of Interferon and cytokine research. <strong>35<\/strong>(11):875-87<strong> (<u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Venketaraman<\/strong><strong>V<\/strong>, Kaushal D, Saviola B. <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em><strong>.<\/strong> J Immunol Res. <strong>2015<\/strong>; 2015:857598 <strong>(<u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Allen M, Bailey C, Cahatol I, Dodge L, Yim J, Kassissa C, Luong J, Kasko S and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Mechanisms of control of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> by NK cells: role of glutathione. Front Immunol. <strong>2015<\/strong>. 6:508 <strong>(<u>corresponding author-impact factor<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2014:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tudela, EV; Singh MK; Lagman, M; Ly, J, Patel N, Ochoa C, and <strong>Venketaraman, V. <\/strong>Cytokine Levels in Plasma Samples of Individuals with HIV Infection. Austin Journal of Clinical Immunology. 1 (1) 5.<strong> (<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Morris D, Ly J, Chi PT, Daliva J, Nguyen T, Soofer C, Chen YC, Lagman M, <strong>Venketaraman<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24782776\">Glutathione synthesis is compromised in erythrocytes from individuals with HIV.<\/a> Front Pharmacol. <strong>2014<\/strong>. 11;5:73. <strong>(<u>corresponding author<\/u>).<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Saing T and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Apolipoprotein E downregulates the production of IL-1 in individuals with HIV Infection. The Journal of Southern California Clinicians. <strong>8<\/strong> (1) 34-36 <strong>(<\/strong><strong><u>corresponding author).<\/u><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2013:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Morris D, Khurasany M, Nyugen T, Kim J, Guilford F, Mehta R, Saviola B, Gray D and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Glutathione and infection. \u00a0Biochimica et Biophysica Acta- General Subjects<strong>.\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>2013<\/strong>. 1830 (5):3329-49 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Morris D, Guerra C, Khurasany M, Guilford F, Saviola B, Huang Y and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Glutathione supplementation improves macrophage functions in HIV.\u00a0\u00a0 Journal of Interferon and cytokine research<strong>. \u00a0 3<\/strong>3(5)270-9 (<strong><u>corresponding<\/u> <u>author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Morris D, Gonzalez B, Khurasany M, Kassissa C, Luong J, Kasko S, Pandya S, Chu M, Chi A, Bui Q, Guerra C, Chan J and <strong>Venketaraman V<\/strong>. Characterization of dendritic cell and regulatory T cell functions against <em>M. tb<\/em> infecti Biomedical Research International. 2013 (2013): 402827 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Morris, D; Nguyen, T; Kim, J; Kassissa, J; Luong, J; Pandya, S; Chu, M; Chi, A; Ly, J; Lagman, M and <strong>Venketaraman, V<\/strong>. An Elucidation of neutrophil functions against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> Clinical and developmental immunology. 2013 (2013): 959650. (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong>).<\/li>\n<li>Lagman, M; Ly, J; and <strong>Venketaraman, V.<\/strong> Glutathione protects against <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> infection- a possible adjunctive therapy for individuals with HIV infection. The Journal of Southern California Clinicians. <strong>2013<\/strong>. 7(1) 29-32 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong><u>).<\/u><\/li>\n<li>Saviola, B and <strong>Venketaraman, V<\/strong>. An overview on select agents. The Journal of Southern California Clinicians. 2013. 7(1) 24-28 (<strong><u>corresponding author<\/u><\/strong><u>).<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>For complete list of publications, please visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/?term=venketaraman+v\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Library of Medicine PubMed<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Funding:<\/p>\n<p>NIH (NHLBI) 1R15HL143545-01A1 -2019-2022<\/p>\n<p>Your Energy Systems<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n          <\/template>\n        <\/app-accordion-item>\n              <app-accordion-item class=\"accordion-group block leading-1 opt-1\" content-class=\"accordion-group__panel wysiwyg-content\">\n          <template #accordion-trigger=\"{ href, visible, setRef, clickHandler }\">\n            <a :href=\"'#' + href\" \n              :ref=\"setRef\"\n              :class=\"['accordion-group__button scroll-mt-160', {'accordion__trigger_active': visible}]\"\n              @click.stop.prevent=\"clickHandler\"\n            >\n            <span class=\"block py-10\">\n              Lab Members\n            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"accordion-group-icon relative flex w-56 h-56 ml-20 justify-center items-center bg-black rounded-full flex-shrink-0\">\n                            <span class=\"w-16 icon-chevron-down\">\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.6.0 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d=\"M233.4 406.6c12.5 12.5 32.8 12.5 45.3 0l192-192c12.5-12.5 12.5-32.8 0-45.3s-32.8-12.5-45.3 0L256 338.7 86.6 169.4c-12.5-12.5-32.8-12.5-45.3 0s-12.5 32.8 0 45.3l192 192z\"\/><\/svg>\n              <\/span>\n              <span class=\"w-16 icon-chevron-up\">\n                <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\"><!--!Font Awesome Free 6.6.0 by @fontawesome - https:\/\/fontawesome.com License - https:\/\/fontawesome.com\/license\/free Copyright 2024 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d=\"M233.4 105.4c12.5-12.5 32.8-12.5 45.3 0l192 192c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3s-32.8 12.5-45.3 0L256 173.3 86.6 342.6c-12.5 12.5-32.8 12.5-45.3 0s-12.5-32.8 0-45.3l192-192z\"\/><\/svg>\n              <\/span>\n                          <\/span>\n            <\/a>\n          <\/template>\n          <template #accordion-content>\n            <table style=\"width: 80%;\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"20\" cellpadding=\"1\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"175\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4873 size-full\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 15.1126px; font-family: sans-serif;\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/vishy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"204\" height=\"204\" \/><\/th>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vishwanath Venketaraman, PhD<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Principal Investigator<\/strong><br \/>\nMicrobiology\/Immunology<br \/>\nDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences<br \/>\nCollege of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific<br \/>\nWestern University of Health Sciences<br \/>\n309 E Second Street<br \/>\nPomona, CA 91766-1854<br \/>\nPhone: 909-706-3736<br \/>\nFax: 909-469-5698<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:vvenketaraman@westernu.edu\">vvenketaraman@westernu.edu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4874 size-full\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 15.1126px; font-family: sans-serif;\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/rcao.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"488\" height=\"487\" \/><\/td>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ruoqiong Cao, MS<br \/>\nLab Manager<br \/>\n<\/strong>Department of Basic Medical Sciences<br \/>\nCollege\u00a0of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific<br \/>\nWestern University of Health Sciences<br \/>\n309 E Second Street<br \/>\nPomona, CA 91766-1854<br \/>\nPhone: 909-469-6621<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:rcao@westernu.edu\">rcao@westernu.edu<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4875 size-full\" style=\"font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 11.768px; font-family: sans-serif;\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/msingh.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"598\" height=\"598\" \/><\/td>\n<td><strong>Mohkam Singh<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Graduate Student<\/strong><br \/>\nWestern University of Health Sciences<br \/>\n309 E Second Street<br \/>\nPomona, CA 91766-1854<br \/>\nPhone: 909-469-6621<br \/>\nEmail: <a href=\"mailto:mohkam.singh@westernu.edu\">mohkam.singh@westernu.edu<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4877 size-full\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/cvaughn.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"598\" height=\"599\" \/><\/td>\n<td><strong><br \/>\nCharles Vaughn<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Graduate Student<\/strong><br \/>\nWestern University of Health Sciences<br \/>\n309 E Second Street<br \/>\nPomona, CA 91766-1854<br \/>\nPhone: 909-469-6621<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:charles.vaughn@westernu.edu\">charles.vaughn@westernu.edu<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4878 size-full\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/etruong.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"598\" height=\"598\" \/><\/td>\n<td><strong><br \/>\nEdward Truong<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Graduate Student<\/strong><br \/>\nWestern University of Health Sciences<br \/>\n309 E Second Street<br \/>\nPomona, CA 91766-1854<br \/>\nPhone: 909-469-6621<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:edward.truong@westernu.edu\">edward.truong@westernu.edu<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4983 size-full\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/student.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"624\" \/><\/td>\n<td><strong><br \/>\nAbrianna Beever<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Graduate Student<\/strong><br \/>\nWestern University of Health Sciences<br \/>\n309 E Second Street<br \/>\nPomona, CA 91766-1854<br \/>\nPhone: 909-469-6621<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:abrianna.zorzi@westernu.edu\">abrianna.zorzi@westernu.edu<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4984\" title=\"My Document Name\" src=\"\/media\/osteopathic\/kachour.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"312\" height=\"361\" \/><\/td>\n<td><strong><br \/>\nNala Kachour<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Graduate Student<\/strong><br \/>\nWestern University of Health Sciences<br \/>\n309 E Second Street<br \/>\nPomona, CA 91766-1854<br \/>\nPhone: 909-469-6621<br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:nala.kachour@westernu.edu\">nala.kachour@westernu.edu<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n          <\/template>\n        <\/app-accordion-item>\n          <\/app-accordion>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<section class=\"faculty-card my-48 md:my-72\">\n  <div class=\"container\">\n        <div class=\"md:flex md:justify-between md:items-end mb-20\">\n      <h2 class=\"t-h2-sans  text-red md:mr-40\">VISHWANATH VENKETARAMAN, PhD<\/h2>\n    <\/div>\n            <div class=\"md:flex md:flex-wrap px-12\">\n                                                      \n                                                        \n      <div class=\"px-12 mt-24 w-full md:w-1\/2\">\n        <div class=\"sm:flex w-full py-32 border-b-1 border-gray\">\n                                            <a href=\"\/bios\/?bio=vvenketaraman\" class=\"card block w-256 sm:w-1\/3 pl-12 md:pl-0 pr-12 md:pr-18 mr-auto md:mr-0\">\n                <div class=\"rounded-5 md:rounded-8 overflow-hidden\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"card__image w-full h-256 sm:h-192 md:h-144 lg:h-192 xl:h-256 object-cover\" alt=\"Portrait of VISHWANATH VENKETARAMAN, PhD\" src=\"\/media\/westernu\/images\/staff\/vvenketaraman.jpg\" \/>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n                                <div class=\"w-full h-full md:w-2\/3 pl-12 md:pl-18 mt-18 sm:mt-0\">\n            <p class=\"t-h2-serif leading-120\">\n                            <a href=\"\/bios\/?bio=vvenketaraman\" class=\"text-red-light hover:text-red\">VISHWANATH VENKETARAMAN, PhD<\/a>\n                          <\/p>\n            <div class=\"mt-16 t-p2\">\n                            <p class=\"font-bold\">College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific<\/p>\n                                          <p class=\"font-bold\">Professor of Microbiology\/Immunology<\/p>\n                                          <p>\n                <a href=\"tel:909-706-3736\" class=\"hover:underline\">909-706-3736<\/a>\n              <\/p>\n                                                        <p>\n                <a href=\"mailto:vvenketaraman@westernu.edu\" class=\"hover:underline\">vvenketaraman@westernu.edu <\/a>\n              <\/p>\n                                        <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":34,"featured_media":0,"parent":8215,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-4855","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/34"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4855"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4855\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14739,"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4855\/revisions\/14739"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.westernu.edu\/osteopathic\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}